Basic Dimension
http://sexualreligion.blogspot.com/
Number Archive
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nEUlUfhQbNw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YiLWxH7mfmo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lWJn9z3z_uQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_X57lHbQP6k
Something went terribly wrong in the evolution of bipedal primates. Australopiths could not easily find other groups for exchanging juvenile females:
But just like chimps they had an enormous genetic variation, by which they did not become extinct in five millions years. But in the end every group would die out by inbreeding. So eventually they had to find alien females:
They were slow breeders and always on the verge of extinction:
Then, from two million years ago until recently we had Homo erectus, the first proto-human:
Already long ago he explored the world:
And was built as a long distance runner:
Also erectus had to practice 'cousin marriages' for survival but he had an enormous genetic variation too.
Homo erectus discovered earthly reincarnation:
Mount Toba
But then came Homo sapiens (350 ka; 1400cc) who lost almost all genetic variation around - but possibly not caused by - the volcanic super eruption of Mount Toba, 74,000 years ago:
The Toba eruption has been linked to a genetic bottleneck in human evolution about 70,000 years ago,[28][29] which may have resulted from a severe reduction in the size of the total human population due to the effects of the eruption on the global climate.[30] According to the genetic bottleneck theory, between 50,000 and 100,000 years ago, human populations sharply decreased to 3,000–10,000 surviving individuals.[31][32] It is supported by genetic evidence suggesting that today's humans are descended from a very small population of between 1,000 and 10,000 breeding pairs that existed about 70,000 years ago.[33]
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nj1ds5JsyGE
It might be Neanderthals and Denisovans remained far above the Toba disaster and were not decimated:
They also showed extreme inbreeding:
A modern hypothesis is that Neanderthals didn't go extinct but simply interbred with humans and were absorbed into our species.
After Toba, inbreeding became a devastating scourge for humanity:
But the San-people (Bushmen) in South Africa kept their genetic variation and escaped the Toba disaster of 74,000 years ago:
About 140,000 years ago human populations from East or Central Africa moved southwards and colonized western southern Africa. The probable nearest living relatives of these source populations are: the Hadzabe people from north-central Tanzania and Mbuti pygmies from the eastern Congo. This migration gave rise to the present-day San hunter-gatherers (Bushmen). The San-people (and the Khoisan-group) are seen as the oldest Homo sapiens with the greatest genetic variation. They are said to show the human population genetic footprints:
'On the other hand, human population groups worldwide outside Africa are highly homogeneous genetically. This means, inbreeding with autosomal recessive disorders occurs sooner between Asians and Caucasians than within two neighbouring tribes of San people. They simply have more genetic variation in one tribe than we in the whole world.'
Shrinking genetic variation of Homo sapiens caused the Tree of Knowledge, knowledge of autosomal recessive disorders:
The old inbreeding instinct from pre-Muslims no longer fit the severely shrunk genetic variation of the new primate, from Homo sapiens: A lot of peoples reinstated the law of nature and adheared to the outbreeding instinct from the animal world. But Muslim males could not overcome their inbreeding instinct and therefore created a schizophrenic mix from earthly reincarnation and heavenly resurrection:
Assumption 338: The inbreeding instinct is no joke, since we also have the outcrossing instinct as primal sexual law of nature. So, if Muslims want to compete outbreeding, they should replace it with the stronger instinct of inbreeding.
Assumption 193: The primal law of animal religion is the commandment: thou shalt reproduce in genetic diversity.
Muslim males can not overcome their inbreeding instinct and therefore created a schizophrenic mess from earthly reincarnation and heavenly resurrection:
Till the present day. It is an incomprehensible disaster:
So, understand that the Tree of Outbreeding became as important as the Tree of Inbreeding only after the Toba eruption:
In next article we will argue why the Tree of Outbreeding has been disguised in philosophical clouds of esoteric morality.
Only if we understand the origin of human religion we can understand the importance of inbreeding. Inbreeding is the origin of human religion, from bipedal primates. It is the pillar under human "civilization":
And finally it is Homo sapiens who invented resurrection in Heaven of the parallel universe:
Sexual religions are kinds of breeding
- Sexual religions are instincts inherited from Hominids and Hominins.
- Sexual religions are kinds of breeding.
- Sexual religions are inbreeding and outbreeding.
- Hominid's primal sexual religion was the male kin bonded lineage (outbreeding).
- Juvenile females left the group caused by their outbreeding instinct.
- Hominin's second primal sexual religion is cousin marriages (inbreeding).
- 'Cousin marriages' means the exchange of juvenile females with other tribes is blocked by the male inbreeding instinct.
- Female genes are ploughed back into the male lineage.
- Cousin marriages saturate the genes of the male kin bonded lineage.
- The same can happen in the female lineage, but that is no primal sexual religion.
- Cousin marriages are invented for the inbreeding instinct of males, not of females.
- Saturated genes bolster eternal tribal identity into descendants and facilitate reincarnation.
- Cousin marriages guarantee males maximal resemblance with themselves in reincarnation.
- Inbreeding (cousin marriages) is a primal sexual religion of the Hominins and Islam is an oppressive ideology of Homo sapiens.
Hominin timeline
We will give inbreeding its place in the evolution of humanity. It started as an enforced way of life:
Then it became 'religion':
And in the end it became a form of mental illness:
We will go through the path of evolution to indicate where inbreeding changed of meaning:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_X57lHbQP6k
'Present-day chimpanzees are humans' nearest living relatives. Where the last chimp-human common ancestor lived is a central and highly debated issue in palaeoanthropology. Researchers have assumed up to now that the lineages diverged five to seven million years ago and that the first pre-humans developed in Africa.
The team analyzed the two known specimens of the fossil hominid Graecopithecus freybergi: a lower jaw from Greece and an upper premolar from Bulgaria.
The lower jaw, nicknamed 'El Graeco' by the scientists, has additional dental root features, suggesting that the species Graecopithecus freybergi might belong to the pre-human lineage.
Furthermore, Graecopithecus is several hundred thousand years older than the oldest potential pre-human from Africa, the six to seven million year old Sahelanthropus from Chad.
Professor David Begun, a University of Toronto paleoanthropologist and co-author of this study, added, "This dating allows us to move the human-chimpanzee split into the Mediterranean area." '
==========================
Australopithecus
Religion varies between inbreeding and outbreeding
Deriving human religion from animal sexuality means taking the barrier between quadrupedal to bipedal primates. From chimps to Australopiths. Then it is obvious that quadrupeds can not go far and will return to previous camps high in the trees.
So, great apes roam in circles and are able to exchange juvenile females with other groups. In fact young females escape, caused by their female outbreeding instinct.
But bipedal primates walked in straight lines past the horizon and did not return to previous places. They migrated all over the world:
They lost each other in the landscape for three reasons:
1) They spread out in all directions.
2) They were too slow to bridge distances to other groups.
3) They were too sparsely populated to fill the spaces between groups.
For these reasons the outbreeding instinct of juvenile females was frustrated and Australopiths were forced to develop an inbreeding culture. Millions of years later Australopiths developed 'religion' out of this sexual behavior in which inbreeding emphasized group identity:
Meanwhile many groups must have died out from autosomal recessive disorders. But not all, since Australopiths were like chimps and had an enormous genetic variation. Hence, they did not die out so easily:
Early human migrations are the earliest migrations and expansions of archaic and modern humans across continents beginning 2 million years ago with the out of Africa migration of Homo erectus. This initial migration was followed by other archaic humans including H. heidelbergensis, which lived around 500,000 years ago and was the likely ancestor of both Denisovans and Neanderthals.
Within Africa, Homo sapiens dispersed around the time of its speciation, roughly 300,000 years ago.[1] The "recent African origin" paradigm suggests that the anatomically modern humans outside of Africa descend from a population of Homo sapiens migrating from East Africa roughly 70,000 years ago and spreading along the southern coast of Asia and to Oceania before 50,000 years ago. Modern humans spread across Europe about 40,000 years ago.
The migrating modern human populations are known to have interbred with local varieties of archaic humans, so that contemporary human populations are descended in small part (below 10% contribution) from regional varieties of archaic humans.[2]
After the Last Glacial Maximum, North Eurasian populations migrated to the Americas about 20,000 years ago. Northern Eurasia was peopled after 12,000 years ago, in the beginning Holocene. Arctic Canada and Greenland were reached by the Paleo-Eskimo expansion around 4,000 years ago. Finally, Polynesia was peopled after 2,000 years ago, by the Austronesian expansion.
Homo erectus was much earlier in China
Shangchen
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_human_migrations
The earliest humans developed out of australopithecine ancestors after about 3 million years ago, most likely in Eastern Africa, most likely in the area of the Kenyan Rift Valley, where the oldest known stone tools were found. Stone tools recently discovered at the Shangchen site in China and dated to 2.12 million years ago are claimed to be the earliest known evidence of hominins outside Africa, surpassing Dmanisi in Georgia by 300,000 years.[3]
https://www.google.com/search?q=China+oldest+hominins&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&client=firefox-b
Hominins lived in China 2.1 million years ago
A new stone tool find pushes back the date for hominin dispersal beyond Africa.
Kiona N. Smith -
Early hominins ventured out into the world beyond Africa even earlier than we've given them credit for, according to a new stone-tool find on the southern edge of China's Loess Plateau. (...)
And that's exactly what archaeologists led by Zhaoyu Zhu of the Chinese Academy of Sciences found in a 2.1 million-year-old layer of ancient wind-blown sediment in China's southern Loess Plateau: a collection of stone cores, flakes, scrapers, borers, and points, as well as a couple of damaged hammerstones. The tools' style strongly resembles stone tools found at sites of about the same age in Africa, made by early human relatives like Homo erectus.
(...)
The find pushes back the earliest evidence for hominins outside Africa, which had been a 1.85 to 1.77 million-year-old group of Homo erectus bones and stone tools at a site in Dmanisi, Georgia, not far from the Armenian border. The location in China means that hominins may have ventured beyond the warm tropics of Africa into the less-certain environments of Eurasia a few hundred thousand years earlier than archaeologists previously thought.
(...)
During these times, the Loess Plateau would have been a temperate grassland crossed by streams and dotted with small lakes, offering rich grazing for horses, rhinos, deer, elephants, and ancient relatives of cattle. Those big grazers would have supported wolves, hyenas, and, apparently, early hominins.
(...)
It's not likely that archaeologists will find any tools older than about 2.8 million years at Shangchen or any other side outside eastern Africa. The earliest evidence we have of a member of the genus Homo is a 2.8 million-year-old jawbone from a site in Ethiopia, and according to University of Texas archaeologist John Kappelman, all the evidence we have indicates that the first hominins to leave Africa were probably from the genus Homo, not hominin species that evolved earlier like Australopithecus or Paranthropus (although these were still around in Africa when the first members of Homo started chipping flint into handy stone tools).(...)And once those first hominins ventured out of Africa, their expansion would have been relatively slow.
"The dispersal of hominins was probably facilitated by population increases as they moved into new territories and filled empty niches," wrote Kappelman in a paper commenting on Zhu's study. Modern hunter-gatherer communities have a daily foraging range of between 3 and 9 miles, and if early hominins expanded into new territory at that same pace, it would have taken between 1,000 and 3,000 years to cover the 8,700 miles between eastern Africa and eastern Asia.
Eventually, of course, the descendants of those first hominin explorers would encounter long-lost relatives: the first anatomically modern humans, who ventured out of Africa in another wave sometime around 175,000 years ago.
Nature, 2018. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0299-4 and 10.1038/d41586-018-05293-9 (About DOIs).
http://sexualreligion.blogspot.com/
Number Archive
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YiLWxH7mfmo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lWJn9z3z_uQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_X57lHbQP6k
Something went terribly wrong in the evolution of bipedal primates. Australopiths could not easily find other groups for exchanging juvenile females:
But just like chimps they had an enormous genetic variation, by which they did not become extinct in five millions years. But in the end every group would die out by inbreeding. So eventually they had to find alien females:
They were slow breeders and always on the verge of extinction:
Then, from two million years ago until recently we had Homo erectus, the first proto-human:
Also erectus had to practice 'cousin marriages' for survival but he had an enormous genetic variation too.
Homo erectus discovered earthly reincarnation:
Mount Toba
But then came Homo sapiens (350 ka; 1400cc) who lost almost all genetic variation around - but possibly not caused by - the volcanic super eruption of Mount Toba, 74,000 years ago:
Genetic bottleneck theory
The Toba eruption has been linked to a genetic bottleneck in human evolution about 70,000 years ago,[28][29] which may have resulted from a severe reduction in the size of the total human population due to the effects of the eruption on the global climate.[30] According to the genetic bottleneck theory, between 50,000 and 100,000 years ago, human populations sharply decreased to 3,000–10,000 surviving individuals.[31][32] It is supported by genetic evidence suggesting that today's humans are descended from a very small population of between 1,000 and 10,000 breeding pairs that existed about 70,000 years ago.[33]
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nj1ds5JsyGE
It might be Neanderthals and Denisovans remained far above the Toba disaster and were not decimated:
They also showed extreme inbreeding:
A modern hypothesis is that Neanderthals didn't go extinct but simply interbred with humans and were absorbed into our species.
After Toba, inbreeding became a devastating scourge for humanity:
But the San-people (Bushmen) in South Africa kept their genetic variation and escaped the Toba disaster of 74,000 years ago:
About 140,000 years ago human populations from East or Central Africa moved southwards and colonized western southern Africa. The probable nearest living relatives of these source populations are: the Hadzabe people from north-central Tanzania and Mbuti pygmies from the eastern Congo. This migration gave rise to the present-day San hunter-gatherers (Bushmen). The San-people (and the Khoisan-group) are seen as the oldest Homo sapiens with the greatest genetic variation. They are said to show the human population genetic footprints:
'On the other hand, human population groups worldwide outside Africa are highly homogeneous genetically. This means, inbreeding with autosomal recessive disorders occurs sooner between Asians and Caucasians than within two neighbouring tribes of San people. They simply have more genetic variation in one tribe than we in the whole world.'
Shrinking genetic variation of Homo sapiens caused the Tree of Knowledge, knowledge of autosomal recessive disorders:
The old inbreeding instinct from pre-Muslims no longer fit the severely shrunk genetic variation of the new primate, from Homo sapiens: A lot of peoples reinstated the law of nature and adheared to the outbreeding instinct from the animal world. But Muslim males could not overcome their inbreeding instinct and therefore created a schizophrenic mix from earthly reincarnation and heavenly resurrection:
Assumption 338: The inbreeding instinct is no joke, since we also have the outcrossing instinct as primal sexual law of nature. So, if Muslims want to compete outbreeding, they should replace it with the stronger instinct of inbreeding.
Assumption 193: The primal law of animal religion is the commandment: thou shalt reproduce in genetic diversity.
Muslim males can not overcome their inbreeding instinct and therefore created a schizophrenic mess from earthly reincarnation and heavenly resurrection:
Till the present day. It is an incomprehensible disaster:
In next article we will argue why the Tree of Outbreeding has been disguised in philosophical clouds of esoteric morality.
Only if we understand the origin of human religion we can understand the importance of inbreeding. Inbreeding is the origin of human religion, from bipedal primates. It is the pillar under human "civilization":
And finally it is Homo sapiens who invented resurrection in Heaven of the parallel universe:
Sexual religions are kinds of breeding
- Sexual religions are kinds of breeding.
- Sexual religions are inbreeding and outbreeding.
- Hominid's primal sexual religion was the male kin bonded lineage (outbreeding).
- Juvenile females left the group caused by their outbreeding instinct.
- Hominin's second primal sexual religion is cousin marriages (inbreeding).
- 'Cousin marriages' means the exchange of juvenile females with other tribes is blocked by the male inbreeding instinct.
- Female genes are ploughed back into the male lineage.
- Cousin marriages saturate the genes of the male kin bonded lineage.
- The same can happen in the female lineage, but that is no primal sexual religion.
- Cousin marriages are invented for the inbreeding instinct of males, not of females.
- Saturated genes bolster eternal tribal identity into descendants and facilitate reincarnation.
- Cousin marriages guarantee males maximal resemblance with themselves in reincarnation.
- Inbreeding (cousin marriages) is a primal sexual religion of the Hominins and Islam is an oppressive ideology of Homo sapiens.
Hominin timeline
We will give inbreeding its place in the evolution of humanity. It started as an enforced way of life:
And in the end it became a form of mental illness:
We will go through the path of evolution to indicate where inbreeding changed of meaning:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_X57lHbQP6k
Looking back to before Australopithecus
https://www.upi.com/Science_News/2017/10/20/Set-of-9-million-year-old-teeth-suggests-earliest-human-relatives-could-have-lived-in-Europe/1471508523901/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320518472_A_new_great_ape_with_startling_resemblances_to_African_members_of_the_hominin_tribe_excavated_from_the_Mid-Vallesian_Dinotheriensande_of_Eppelsheim_First_report_Hominoidea_Miocene_MN_9_Proto-Rhine_Riv
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/05/170523083548.htmhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1ofMyj2WrAE
3D Animation of the Alesi Fossil Skull
https://www.upi.com/Science_News/2017/10/20/Set-of-9-million-year-old-teeth-suggests-earliest-human-relatives-could-have-lived-in-Europe/1471508523901/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320518472_A_new_great_ape_with_startling_resemblances_to_African_members_of_the_hominin_tribe_excavated_from_the_Mid-Vallesian_Dinotheriensande_of_Eppelsheim_First_report_Hominoidea_Miocene_MN_9_Proto-Rhine_Riv
'Present-day chimpanzees are humans' nearest living relatives. Where the last chimp-human common ancestor lived is a central and highly debated issue in palaeoanthropology. Researchers have assumed up to now that the lineages diverged five to seven million years ago and that the first pre-humans developed in Africa.
The team analyzed the two known specimens of the fossil hominid Graecopithecus freybergi: a lower jaw from Greece and an upper premolar from Bulgaria.
The lower jaw, nicknamed 'El Graeco' by the scientists, has additional dental root features, suggesting that the species Graecopithecus freybergi might belong to the pre-human lineage.
Furthermore, Graecopithecus is several hundred thousand years older than the oldest potential pre-human from Africa, the six to seven million year old Sahelanthropus from Chad.
Professor David Begun, a University of Toronto paleoanthropologist and co-author of this study, added, "This dating allows us to move the human-chimpanzee split into the Mediterranean area." '
==========================
Australopithecus
Religion varies between inbreeding and outbreeding
Deriving human religion from animal sexuality means taking the barrier between quadrupedal to bipedal primates. From chimps to Australopiths. Then it is obvious that quadrupeds can not go far and will return to previous camps high in the trees.
So, great apes roam in circles and are able to exchange juvenile females with other groups. In fact young females escape, caused by their female outbreeding instinct.
But bipedal primates walked in straight lines past the horizon and did not return to previous places. They migrated all over the world:
They lost each other in the landscape for three reasons:
1) They spread out in all directions.
2) They were too slow to bridge distances to other groups.
3) They were too sparsely populated to fill the spaces between groups.
Meanwhile many groups must have died out from autosomal recessive disorders. But not all, since Australopiths were like chimps and had an enormous genetic variation. Hence, they did not die out so easily:
Early human migrations
Within Africa, Homo sapiens dispersed around the time of its speciation, roughly 300,000 years ago.[1] The "recent African origin" paradigm suggests that the anatomically modern humans outside of Africa descend from a population of Homo sapiens migrating from East Africa roughly 70,000 years ago and spreading along the southern coast of Asia and to Oceania before 50,000 years ago. Modern humans spread across Europe about 40,000 years ago.
The migrating modern human populations are known to have interbred with local varieties of archaic humans, so that contemporary human populations are descended in small part (below 10% contribution) from regional varieties of archaic humans.[2]
After the Last Glacial Maximum, North Eurasian populations migrated to the Americas about 20,000 years ago. Northern Eurasia was peopled after 12,000 years ago, in the beginning Holocene. Arctic Canada and Greenland were reached by the Paleo-Eskimo expansion around 4,000 years ago. Finally, Polynesia was peopled after 2,000 years ago, by the Austronesian expansion.
Homo erectus was much earlier in China
Shangchen
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_human_migrations
Hominins lived in China 2.1 million years ago
A new stone tool find pushes back the date for hominin dispersal beyond Africa.
Kiona N. Smith -
Early hominins ventured out into the world beyond Africa even earlier than we've given them credit for, according to a new stone-tool find on the southern edge of China's Loess Plateau. (...)
And that's exactly what archaeologists led by Zhaoyu Zhu of the Chinese Academy of Sciences found in a 2.1 million-year-old layer of ancient wind-blown sediment in China's southern Loess Plateau: a collection of stone cores, flakes, scrapers, borers, and points, as well as a couple of damaged hammerstones. The tools' style strongly resembles stone tools found at sites of about the same age in Africa, made by early human relatives like Homo erectus.
(...)
The find pushes back the earliest evidence for hominins outside Africa, which had been a 1.85 to 1.77 million-year-old group of Homo erectus bones and stone tools at a site in Dmanisi, Georgia, not far from the Armenian border. The location in China means that hominins may have ventured beyond the warm tropics of Africa into the less-certain environments of Eurasia a few hundred thousand years earlier than archaeologists previously thought.
(...)
During these times, the Loess Plateau would have been a temperate grassland crossed by streams and dotted with small lakes, offering rich grazing for horses, rhinos, deer, elephants, and ancient relatives of cattle. Those big grazers would have supported wolves, hyenas, and, apparently, early hominins.
(...)
It's not likely that archaeologists will find any tools older than about 2.8 million years at Shangchen or any other side outside eastern Africa. The earliest evidence we have of a member of the genus Homo is a 2.8 million-year-old jawbone from a site in Ethiopia, and according to University of Texas archaeologist John Kappelman, all the evidence we have indicates that the first hominins to leave Africa were probably from the genus Homo, not hominin species that evolved earlier like Australopithecus or Paranthropus (although these were still around in Africa when the first members of Homo started chipping flint into handy stone tools).(...)And once those first hominins ventured out of Africa, their expansion would have been relatively slow.
"The dispersal of hominins was probably facilitated by population increases as they moved into new territories and filled empty niches," wrote Kappelman in a paper commenting on Zhu's study. Modern hunter-gatherer communities have a daily foraging range of between 3 and 9 miles, and if early hominins expanded into new territory at that same pace, it would have taken between 1,000 and 3,000 years to cover the 8,700 miles between eastern Africa and eastern Asia.
Eventually, of course, the descendants of those first hominin explorers would encounter long-lost relatives: the first anatomically modern humans, who ventured out of Africa in another wave sometime around 175,000 years ago.
Nature, 2018. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0299-4 and 10.1038/d41586-018-05293-9 (About DOIs).
Inbreeding with Homo erectus
Homo erectus (2,1 Ma; 900cc), is the first real human being. Until now we did not find many skeletal remains, but it is defendable that these people roamed in very small groups, in families. So, we take it for granted that they had a lot of inbreeding and few possibilities for exchanging juvenile females with other groups.
Then we can draw the conclusion that they - just like Australopithecus - must have had a huge genetic variation in order not to die out of autosomal recessive disorders. And we are talking about more than two million years. Think about it, Homo sapiens families would already have died out within a limited number of generations.
What is the connection between skeletal variation and genetic variation? Maybe it is not that important. BTW, all Homo naledi individuals looked about the same, while they were half Australopithecus and must have had an enormous genetic variation.
The same applies to the San-people in South Africa, who escaped the Toba disaster and had an enormous genetic variation. BTW, all Homo sapiens have about the same skull what is pretty boring for archaeologists and too bad for the species.
Inbreeding with Homo sapiens
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toba_catastrophe_theory
The Toba eruption has been linked to a genetic bottleneck in human evolution about 70,000 years ago,[28][29] which may have resulted from a severe reduction in the size of the total human population due to the effects of the eruption on the global climate.[30] According to the genetic bottleneck theory, between 50,000 and 100,000 years ago, human populations sharply decreased to 3,000–10,000 surviving individuals.[31][32] It is supported by genetic evidence suggesting that today's humans are descended from a very small population of between 1,000 and 10,000 breeding pairs that existed about 70,000 years ago.[33]
-------------------
Discussion:
The Toba super eruption is not what we are looking for. More importantly is the seriously shrunken genetic variation of Homo sapiens just after this disaster. This has been confirmed by scientific research. That is all what matters.
The evolution of bipedal Hominids has been a contiguous bottleneck of impending extinction. But like chimps they had enormous genetic variation. The same conclusion can be drawn for Homo erectus. All these species were on the verge of extinction but managed to survive severe inbreeding by exuberant genetic variation.
The sixty-four-thousand dollar question is why Homo sapiens lost so much genetic variation. There have been a lot of bottlenecks earlier than the Toba super eruption, but Toba was a devastating disaster at the right moment in time. That makes Toba so special.
And after Toba only small groups of humans migrated out of Africa what also will have diminished the gene pool. So, there may be more causes enacting to the declined genetic variation. And after Toba exploded the human population in the rest of the world. Indeed, Toba could have been the latest life threatening disaster for the species.
The San-people (Bushmen) in South Africa kept their genetic variation and escaped the Toba disaster of 74,000 years ago:
About 140,000 years ago human populations from East or Central Africa moved southwards and colonized western southern Africa. The probable nearest living relatives of these source populations are: the Hadzabe people from north-central Tanzania and Mbuti pygmies from the eastern Congo. This migration gave rise to the present-day San hunter-gatherers (Bushmen). The San-people (and the Khoisan-group) are seen as the oldest Homo sapiens with the greatest genetic variation. They are said to show the human population genetic footprints:
'On the other hand, human population groups worldwide outside Africa are highly homogeneous genetically. This means, inbreeding with autosomal recessive disorders occurs sooner between Asians and Caucasians than within two neighbouring tribes of San people. They simply have more genetic variation in one tribe than we in the whole world.'
Shrinking genetic variation of Homo sapiens caused the Tree of Knowledge, knowledge of autosomal recessive disorders:
Homo erectus (2,1 Ma; 900cc), is the first real human being. Until now we did not find many skeletal remains, but it is defendable that these people roamed in very small groups, in families. So, we take it for granted that they had a lot of inbreeding and few possibilities for exchanging juvenile females with other groups.
Then we can draw the conclusion that they - just like Australopithecus - must have had a huge genetic variation in order not to die out of autosomal recessive disorders. And we are talking about more than two million years. Think about it, Homo sapiens families would already have died out within a limited number of generations.
Homo Erectus Georgicus (Dmanisi)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CLdcEYnevZM
Inbreeding with Homo sapiens
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toba_catastrophe_theory
Genetic bottleneck theory
-------------------
Discussion:
The evolution of bipedal Hominids has been a contiguous bottleneck of impending extinction. But like chimps they had enormous genetic variation. The same conclusion can be drawn for Homo erectus. All these species were on the verge of extinction but managed to survive severe inbreeding by exuberant genetic variation.
The sixty-four-thousand dollar question is why Homo sapiens lost so much genetic variation. There have been a lot of bottlenecks earlier than the Toba super eruption, but Toba was a devastating disaster at the right moment in time. That makes Toba so special.
And after Toba only small groups of humans migrated out of Africa what also will have diminished the gene pool. So, there may be more causes enacting to the declined genetic variation. And after Toba exploded the human population in the rest of the world. Indeed, Toba could have been the latest life threatening disaster for the species.
The San-people (Bushmen) in South Africa kept their genetic variation and escaped the Toba disaster of 74,000 years ago:
About 140,000 years ago human populations from East or Central Africa moved southwards and colonized western southern Africa. The probable nearest living relatives of these source populations are: the Hadzabe people from north-central Tanzania and Mbuti pygmies from the eastern Congo. This migration gave rise to the present-day San hunter-gatherers (Bushmen). The San-people (and the Khoisan-group) are seen as the oldest Homo sapiens with the greatest genetic variation. They are said to show the human population genetic footprints:
'On the other hand, human population groups worldwide outside Africa are highly homogeneous genetically. This means, inbreeding with autosomal recessive disorders occurs sooner between Asians and Caucasians than within two neighbouring tribes of San people. They simply have more genetic variation in one tribe than we in the whole world.'
Shrinking genetic variation of Homo sapiens caused the Tree of Knowledge, knowledge of autosomal recessive disorders:
This knowledge is meant by the Tree of Knowledge:
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This work is licenced under a Creative Commons Attibution-Non Commercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International Licence.
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